Certification terms: U
98 study terms starting with U.
98 terms
- U.S. Cyber Trust MarkA voluntary U.S. FCC labeling program indicating that a consumer wireless IoT product meets baseline cybersecurity criteria.Advanced
- UC Service ProfileA CUCM configuration assigned to users that tells clients such as Webex App or Jabber where to find voicemail, conferencing, directory and IM servers.Intermediate
- UCS Identity PoolsCisco UCS pools of MAC addresses, WWNNs, WWPNs, UUIDs and IPs from which service profiles draw server identities.Advanced
- UI ActionButton, context menu item or link on forms and lists that runs client and/or server script.Intermediate
- UI BuilderLow-code tool for building Next Experience pages and workspaces with components, data resources and events.Advanced
- UI PolicyNo-code rule that dynamically makes fields mandatory, visible or read-only on forms based on conditions.Foundational
- UK GDPRRetained version of GDPR in UK law post-Brexit, supplemented by the Data Protection Act 2018.Intermediate
- ulimitA shell built-in that views or sets per-process resource limits such as open files and processes.Intermediate
- Ultra Physical Contact (UPC)A fiber connector end-face polish with a slightly domed flat surface that achieves low insertion loss and good return loss.Intermediate
- Ultra-Wideband (UWB)A short-range radio technology using very wide bandwidth pulses (500 MHz or more) for precise time-of-flight ranging.Advanced
- umaskA per-process mask that removes permission bits from the defaults when new files and directories are created.Intermediate
- Unallocated SpaceAreas of a storage device not currently assigned to any file, which may contain deleted data.Intermediate
- Unattended InstallationAn OS installation that runs without user input, using an answer file.Intermediate
- Unbalanced AudioAudio transmission using one signal conductor and a shield that also serves as the return, making it susceptible to noise.Foundational
- UnderfittingWhen a model is too simple to capture underlying patterns and performs poorly on both training and new data.Foundational
- Underpinning Contract (UC)Agreement with an external supplier supporting delivery of service commitments.Intermediate
- UNDROPA Snowflake command that restores a dropped table, schema or database within its Time Travel retention period.Intermediate
- Unequal-Cost Load BalancingDistributing traffic across paths with different metrics, natively supported by EIGRP through the variance command.Intermediate
- UnicastOne-to-one communication from a single sender to a single receiver.Foundational
- Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding (uRPF)A feature that drops packets whose source address is not reachable via the routing table, mitigating spoofing.Advanced
- Unicode NormalizationConverting equivalent Unicode character sequences to a single standard form (NFC, NFD, NFKC or NFKD) before comparison or validation.Advanced
- Unidirectional GatewayA hardware-enforced network device that allows data to flow in only one direction, typically from OT out to IT.Intermediate
- Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD)A Cisco Layer 2 protocol that detects links where traffic flows in only one direction, common with fiber faults.Advanced
- Unified Communications (UC)The integration of voice, video, messaging, presence, conferencing and voicemail into a consistent user experience.Foundational
- Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS)Cloud-delivered unified communications, including calling, meetings and messaging, provided by a vendor on a subscription basis.Foundational
- Unified Data Model (UDM)The normalized schema Google Security Operations uses to represent security events from all sources.Advanced
- Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)Modern system firmware that replaces legacy BIOS, supporting GPT boot disks, Secure Boot and a pre-boot environment.Foundational
- Unified Fabric Manager (UFM)NVIDIA's platform for provisioning, monitoring and managing InfiniBand fabrics.Advanced
- Unified IndividualProfile produced by identity resolution that links source Individual records into one view of a customer.Intermediate
- Unified MemoryA memory design where the CPU, GPU, and other processors share one pool of RAM in the same package.Intermediate
- Unified Messaging (UM)Integrating voicemail, email and fax into a single mailbox or interface accessible from multiple devices.Foundational
- Unified Threat Management (UTM)All-in-one security appliance combining firewall, IPS, antivirus, web filtering, VPN, and other functions.Foundational
- Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)A device that provides immediate battery-backed power during utility outages and conditions power for connected equipment.Foundational
- UNION ALLA set operator that stacks the results of two queries and keeps all rows, including duplicates.Foundational
- UNION OperatorA set operator that combines the results of two queries into one set and removes duplicate rows.Foundational
- Unique ConstraintA constraint that prevents duplicate values in a column or column combination.Foundational
- Unique Local Address (ULA)IPv6 addresses in fc00::/7 (in practice fd00::/8) meant for local use within a site or group of sites, similar to IPv4 private addresses.Intermediate
- Unit TestAn automated test that verifies a small, isolated piece of code, such as a function or class, independent of external dependencies.Foundational
- Unity Catalog (UC)Databricks' unified governance layer for data and AI assets, providing centralized access control, auditing, lineage and discovery across workspaces.Intermediate
- Unity Connection Call Routing RulesOrdered rules in Unity Connection that decide where direct and forwarded calls are sent based on caller, called number and schedule.Advanced
- Unity Connection Class of ServiceA Unity Connection setting that defines which features and limits apply to users, such as message length and licensed features.Intermediate
- Unity Connection Search SpaceAn ordered list of Unity Connection partitions that defines which users, handlers and extensions an object can reach.Advanced
- Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)A set of protocols that let devices discover each other and automatically request port forwards on a home router.Intermediate
- Universal Serial Bus (USB)The standard interface for connecting peripherals, storage, and charging to computers and mobile devices.Foundational
- Unknown Unicast FloodingForwarding a frame out all ports in its VLAN (except the source) when the destination MAC is not in the MAC table.Intermediate
- Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII)FCC-defined unlicensed sub-bands in 5 GHz (U-NII-1 to U-NII-4) and 6 GHz (U-NII-5 to U-NII-8).Intermediate
- Unlocked PackageSecond-generation package type used to organize and deploy an org's own metadata as versioned, upgradable units.Advanced
- Unmanaged PackageA one-time bundle of components that becomes fully editable in the installing org and cannot be upgraded.Foundational
- Unpivot ColumnsA Power Query transformation that turns selected columns into attribute-value row pairs, converting wide data to long format.Intermediate
- Unrealized Value (UV)EBM Key Value Area showing potential future value the product could capture.Advanced
- Unrestricted Access to Sensitive Business FlowsAPI6:2023, exposure of a business flow (such as purchasing or posting) to automated abuse that harms the business, even without a code bug.Intermediate
- Unrestricted File UploadAllowing users to upload files without adequately validating type, content, name and size, which can lead to code execution or stored XSS.Foundational
- Unrestricted Resource ConsumptionAPI4:2023, APIs that do not limit the resources a request or client can consume, enabling denial of service or cost exhaustion.Intermediate
- Unsafe Consumption of APIsAPI10:2023, trusting data from third-party APIs more than user input, leading to injection, redirects or data exposure.Intermediate
- Unsafe ReflectionUsing user-controlled input to choose which classes or methods an application loads or invokes via reflection.Advanced
- Unscheduled Automatic Power Save Delivery (U-APSD)WMM Power Save method where a client's uplink frame triggers delivery of buffered downlink frames.Advanced
- Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)Twisted-pair cable without metallic shielding, relying only on twisting to reject interference; the most common LAN cable.Foundational
- Unskilled AttackerA low-sophistication threat actor who relies on pre-built tools and exploits written by others.Foundational
- Unspecified AddressThe IPv4 address 0.0.0.0, meaning "this host" or "no address," used as a source before an address is assigned.Intermediate
- Unstructured DataData with no predefined model, such as documents, emails, images, audio and video.Foundational
- Unsupervised LearningMachine learning that finds structure, groupings or patterns in data that has no labels.Foundational
- Until SuccessfulScope that retries its processors until they succeed or max retries are exhausted.Intermediate
- Update SetContainer capturing configuration changes (customer updates) on an instance for transfer to other instances.Foundational
- UPDATE StatementThe DML statement that modifies existing column values in rows that match a condition.Foundational
- Update-SourceA BGP neighbor option that sets the source interface (usually a loopback) for the TCP session.Intermediate
- UpfadeSignal-strength increase caused by multipath copies arriving nearly in phase.Advanced
- UpsertOperation that updates a record if a matching key exists or inserts a new one otherwise.Foundational
- Uptime Institute Tier ClassificationThe Uptime Institute's four-level data center standard (Tier I to IV) rating infrastructure redundancy, maintainability and fault tolerance.Intermediate
- Urgent PriorityA CUCM pattern setting that routes a call immediately on match instead of waiting for interdigit timeout on overlapping patterns.Intermediate
- Usability TestingEvaluating a product by observing representative users attempting real tasks.Foundational
- Usable Hosts FormulaThe calculation 2^h - 2, where h is the number of host bits, giving the assignable IPv4 addresses in a subnet.Foundational
- USB Power Delivery (USB PD)A USB charging specification that negotiates higher voltages and currents over USB-C, up to 240 W.Intermediate
- USB Type-CA reversible 24-pin USB connector that supports data, video, and high-wattage charging.Foundational
- USB Video Class (UVC)The USB standard that lets cameras work with computers without custom drivers, used by conferencing cameras and video bars.Intermediate
- Use CaseA defined detection scenario describing what threat to detect, which data is required and how to respond.Intermediate
- USE MethodA resource-centric performance analysis method checking Utilization, Saturation, and Errors for every resource.Intermediate
- Use-After-Free (UAF)Using a pointer to memory after it has been freed, which may now hold attacker-controlled data.Advanced
- UserRecord representing a person who logs into Salesforce, with a username, license, profile and optional role.Foundational
- User Account Control (UAC)A Windows feature that prompts for consent or credentials before actions requiring administrative privileges.Foundational
- User AdministrationManagement of users (sys_user), groups (sys_user_group) and roles in ServiceNow.Foundational
- User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA)Analytics that baseline normal behavior of users and entities and flag anomalies that may indicate threats.Intermediate
- User CriteriaConditions (users, groups, roles, companies, locations, scripts) that control who can view catalog items and knowledge.Intermediate
- User Datagram Protocol (UDP)A connectionless Layer 4 protocol that sends datagrams with minimal overhead and no delivery, ordering or retransmission guarantees.Foundational
- User LicenseLicense that determines the baseline features and objects a user can access, such as Salesforce or Salesforce Platform.Foundational
- User Mode Database OperationsApex feature (WITH USER_MODE in SOQL and AccessLevel.USER_MODE in DML) that enforces the running user's sharing, CRUD and FLS.Advanced
- User Priority (UP)The 802.1D-based 0-7 priority value carried in 802.11 QoS data frames.Advanced
- User StoryA short description of functionality told from the user's perspective, typically 'As a <role>, I want <goal>, so that <benefit>'.Foundational
- User TemplateA Unity Connection template that supplies default settings such as COS, schedule, time zone and greetings when users are created.Intermediate
- User-Defined Function (UDF)A custom function created in the database that returns a scalar value or a table and can be called inside SQL statements.Intermediate
- User-Defined Route (UDR)Custom route in an Azure route table that overrides system routes to control where subnet traffic is sent.Intermediate
- User-Defined Table Function (UDTF)A function that returns zero or more rows (a table) for each input, used in the FROM clause.Advanced
- User-IDPalo Alto Networks feature that maps IP addresses to usernames so firewall policies can be based on users and groups.Intermediate
- useraddThe low-level Linux command that creates a local user account and optionally its home directory.Foundational
- USERELATIONSHIP FunctionA DAX modifier used in CALCULATE that activates an inactive relationship for one calculation.Advanced
- usermodThe Linux command that modifies an existing user account, such as groups, shell, home or lock status.Foundational
- Username EnumerationDetermining which usernames or emails are valid from differences in an application's responses.Foundational
- Utility and WarrantyITIL concepts describing what a service does (utility, fit for purpose) and how well it performs (warranty, fit for use).Foundational
- Utility BarFooter bar in a Lightning app providing quick access to tools like notes, history, Omni-Channel or flows.Foundational