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Collaboration, Voice & AV · Foundational

Caller ID Spoofing

Falsifying the calling number or name presented on a call to impersonate a trusted party or hide the caller.

Definition

VoIP makes spoofing easy because the From and P-Asserted-Identity headers can be set arbitrarily unless verified. Attackers spoof banks, government agencies or internal numbers for vishing and fraud. Defenses include STIR/SHAKEN, SBC policies that reject external calls presenting internal numbers, and user awareness.

Example

An attacker calls employees displaying the company help desk's number and asks for passwords.

Exam tip

Caller ID alone is not authentication; verify through a known callback number.

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