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Data & Analytics · Foundational

NoSQL Database

A non-relational database that stores data as key-value pairs, documents, wide columns or graphs, usually with a flexible schema.

Definition

NoSQL ('not only SQL') databases scale horizontally and suit high-volume, semi-structured or rapidly changing data. They often relax joins and strict ACID across documents in exchange for scale and availability, though many now offer multi-document transactions. Examples include MongoDB, Cassandra, Redis, Neo4j, DynamoDB and Cosmos DB.

Exam tip

Match the type to the use case: key-value for caching and sessions, document for catalogs and profiles, wide-column for time-series at scale, graph for relationships.

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