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DevOps & Automation · Foundational

Container

A lightweight, isolated runtime environment that packages an application with its dependencies and shares the host operating system kernel.

Definition

Containers use Linux namespaces for isolation and cgroups for resource limits, so they start in seconds and use less overhead than virtual machines. They run from immutable images, making environments consistent from laptop to production.

Example

docker run -d -p 8080:80 nginx:1.27 starts an nginx container.

Exam tip

Containers share the host kernel; VMs each run a full guest OS on a hypervisor. A Linux container cannot natively run on a Windows kernel.

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