Quantum-Safe Cryptography: From Qubits to Production: key terms

Flashcards for this exam Quantum-Safe Cryptography: From Qubits to Production guide Class dates

• Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite 2.0 (CNSA 2.0)NSA's quantum-resistant algorithm suite and transition timeline for US national security systems.Advanced
• Cryptographic AgilityAbility to replace cryptographic algorithms, keys, and parameters quickly without major system redesign.Advanced
• Cryptographic Bill of Materials (CBOM)Inventory of cryptographic assets, algorithms, keys, certificates, and libraries used by a system.Advanced
• Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computer (CRQC)A quantum computer powerful enough to break widely used public key cryptography such as RSA and ECC.Advanced
• FN-DSAFFT over NTRU-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Algorithm, NIST's Falcon-based post-quantum signature standard (FIPS 206).Advanced
• Grover's AlgorithmQuantum search algorithm offering a quadratic speedup that effectively halves symmetric key and hash security.Advanced
• Hamming Quasi-Cyclic (HQC)Code-based key encapsulation mechanism selected by NIST in March 2025 as a backup to ML-KEM.Advanced
• Harvest Now, Decrypt Later (HNDL)Strategy of collecting encrypted data today to decrypt it once a quantum computer can break the encryption.Advanced
• Hybrid Key ExchangeCombining a classical and a post-quantum key exchange so the session is secure if either algorithm holds.Advanced
• Key Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM)Public key scheme that encapsulates a randomly generated shared secret for a recipient's public key.Advanced
• Lattice-Based CryptographyCryptography based on hard problems over mathematical lattices, such as learning with errors, believed quantum-resistant.Advanced
• Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Algorithm (ML-DSA)NIST post-quantum digital signature standard (FIPS 204), derived from CRYSTALS-Dilithium.Advanced
• Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism (ML-KEM)NIST post-quantum key encapsulation standard (FIPS 203), derived from CRYSTALS-Kyber.Advanced
• Mosca's TheoremRule stating that if data's secrecy lifetime plus migration time exceeds the time to a quantum threat, action is overdue.Advanced
• NIST IR 8547NIST report setting the timeline to deprecate and then disallow quantum-vulnerable public key algorithms.Advanced
• Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC)Classical cryptographic algorithms designed to resist attacks by both classical and quantum computers.Intermediate
• Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)Method that uses quantum properties of photons to distribute keys with eavesdropping detection.Advanced
• Secure Hash Algorithm 3 (SHA-3)NIST hash standard based on the Keccak sponge construction, standardized in FIPS 202.Intermediate
• Shor's AlgorithmQuantum algorithm that efficiently factors integers and computes discrete logarithms, breaking RSA, DH, and ECC.Advanced
• Stateful Hash-Based SignaturesQuantum-resistant signature schemes such as LMS and XMSS that require tracking which one-time keys have been used.Advanced
• Stateless Hash-Based Digital Signature Algorithm (SLH-DSA)NIST post-quantum signature standard (FIPS 205) based on SPHINCS+, relying only on hash function security.Advanced