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Security Operations · Foundational

Virus

Malware that attaches to a host file or program and replicates when that host is executed, requiring user action to spread.

Definition

A computer virus inserts its code into executables, documents, boot sectors or scripts and runs when the infected item is opened. Unlike a worm, it needs a user or process to execute the host. Variants include macro, boot sector, program, script and fileless viruses.

Example

A macro virus in a Word document that infects other documents when the file is opened.

Exam tip

Virus needs a host and user action; worm self-propagates across networks without user interaction.

Don't confuse it with

Related terms