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Application & OT Security · Intermediate

RFID Badge Cloning

Copying the data from an access badge's RFID credential to create a working duplicate.

Definition

Many legacy 125 kHz proximity cards transmit an unencrypted static ID that can be read from a distance and written to a blank card. Tools such as the Proxmark3 and Flipper Zero are used in physical tests. Modern encrypted credentials such as MIFARE DESFire EV2/EV3 or iCLASS SE resist simple cloning.

Example

A tester reads an HID Prox card in an elevator with a long-range reader, then writes it to a T5577 blank card.

Exam tip

Low-frequency 125 kHz cards are the classic cloning target because they lack cryptographic authentication.

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