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Security Fundamentals & Crypto · Intermediate

Transport Layer Security 1.3 (TLS 1.3)

Current TLS version (RFC 8446) with a faster handshake, mandatory forward secrecy, and only AEAD ciphers.

Definition

TLS 1.3 reduces the full handshake to one round trip, encrypts most of the handshake including the server certificate, and removes RSA key transport, CBC, RC4, SHA-1, compression, and renegotiation. It defines only five cipher suites. Optional 0-RTT resumption speeds reconnection but is replayable, so it should be limited to idempotent requests.

Example

TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 is the mandatory-to-implement TLS 1.3 cipher suite.

Exam tip

TLS 1.3 = PFS always, AEAD only, 1-RTT; 0-RTT has replay risk.

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