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Data & Analytics · Foundational

JSON Document

A self-describing record in JavaScript Object Notation made of key-value pairs, arrays and nested objects.

Definition

JSON documents are the unit of storage in document databases and a common semi-structured format for APIs and logs. Warehouses query JSON with types such as Snowflake VARIANT, BigQuery JSON and Databricks VARIANT.

Example

{"id": 7, "tags": ["vip", "eu"], "address": {"city": "Lyon"}}

Exam tip

JSON counts as semi-structured data: it has structure but no fixed schema.

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