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DevOps & Automation · Foundational

Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

Managing and provisioning infrastructure through machine-readable definition files rather than manual configuration.

Definition

IaC makes infrastructure versioned, reviewable, repeatable, and testable. Declarative tools include Terraform, CloudFormation, Bicep, and Pulumi; configuration tools like Ansible manage software and settings on provisioned systems.

Example

A Terraform module creates identical VPCs for dev, test, and production from the same code.

Exam tip

IaC is the answer for consistent, repeatable environments and eliminating manual drift.

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