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Networking Fundamentals · Foundational

Fiber Optic Cable

Cable that transmits data as pulses of light through glass or plastic fibers, offering high bandwidth, long distance and immunity to EMI.

Definition

A fiber consists of a core that carries light, surrounding cladding with a lower refractive index that keeps light in the core by total internal reflection, a buffer coating and a jacket. It is used for backbones, inter-building links, data centers and carrier networks. Fiber is harder to tap than copper and does not carry electrical current, which also prevents ground loops.

Example

Two buildings 2 km apart are linked with single-mode fiber.

Exam tip

Fiber is immune to EMI and is the answer for long distances, high bandwidth, or electrically noisy environments.

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