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Wireless & Mobility · Advanced

Earth Bulge

The curvature of the earth that must be cleared on outdoor links longer than about 7 miles (11 km).

Definition

Over long distances the earth's curvature rises into the Fresnel zone. Antenna height must be increased to compensate for both Fresnel zone clearance and earth bulge. Earth bulge is typically considered for links beyond about 7 miles.

Example

A 20 km bridge requires taller masts to clear earth bulge.

Exam tip

Earth bulge matters on long point-to-point links, not indoor WLANs.

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