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Data & Analytics · Intermediate

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

A test of whether the means of three or more groups differ, by comparing between-group variance with within-group variance (the F-statistic).

Definition

A significant ANOVA shows that at least one mean differs but not which one, so post hoc tests such as Tukey's HSD follow. It assumes independence, normality and equal variances.

Example

Comparing average yield across four fertilizer types.

Exam tip

Running multiple t-tests instead of ANOVA inflates the Type I error rate.

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