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Governance, Risk, Audit & Privacy · Foundational

Supervisory Authority

Independent public authority in each EU/EEA member state responsible for enforcing GDPR.

Definition

Supervisory authorities (data protection authorities) handle complaints, investigate, issue corrective orders, and impose fines. Examples include the CNIL (France), the Irish Data Protection Commission, and Germany's state authorities. They cooperate through the European Data Protection Board.

Example

The Irish DPC investigates a large tech company headquartered in Dublin.

Exam tip

Breach notifications go to the competent supervisory authority, typically the lead authority.

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