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Application & OT Security · Foundational

Pretexting

Creating a fabricated scenario or identity to persuade a target to disclose information or take an action.

Definition

A pretext gives the attacker a believable reason for the request, such as posing as IT support, an auditor or a vendor. Effective pretexts use OSINT about the organization's people and processes. It underpins vishing, physical impersonation and business email compromise.

Example

A tester calls the help desk claiming to be a traveling executive locked out of email and requests a password reset.

Exam tip

Pretexting is about the invented story; impersonation is pretending to be a specific person or role within it.

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