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Wireless & Mobility · Foundational

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO)

Use of multiple transmit and receive antennas and radio chains to improve throughput and reliability.

Definition

MIMO was introduced to Wi-Fi by 802.11n and is used in all later standards and in LTE and 5G. It enables spatial multiplexing, transmit beamforming, maximal ratio combining, and space-time block coding. MIMO benefits from multipath.

Example

A 4x4 MIMO AP has four transmit and four receive radio chains.

Exam tip

MIMO uses multipath constructively; SISO suffers from it.

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