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AI & Machine Learning · Intermediate

Indirect Prompt Injection

Prompt injection delivered through external content the model processes, such as a web page, email, file or tool output.

Definition

Indirect injection is especially dangerous for agents with tool access because the user never sees the malicious instructions, which can cause data exfiltration or unauthorized actions. Treat all retrieved and tool content as untrusted data.

Example

A web page with hidden text instructing a browsing agent to email the user's files to an attacker.

Exam tip

Treat retrieved documents, web pages and tool outputs as untrusted data, never as instructions.

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