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Security Fundamentals & Crypto · Foundational

Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Policies, processes, and technologies for managing digital identities and controlling their access to resources.

Definition

IAM covers identity lifecycle, authentication, authorization, SSO, federation, privileged access, and governance. It applies to employees, customers (CIAM), and workloads. In cloud platforms, IAM services control who and what can act on resources.

Example

An IAM program automates onboarding, enforces MFA, and reviews access to critical systems quarterly.

Exam tip

Identity is the new perimeter in zero trust; IAM controls are central to cloud security.

Related terms