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AI & Machine Learning · Advanced

HNSW

Hierarchical Navigable Small World: a graph-based ANN index offering fast, high-recall vector search.

Definition

HNSW builds layered proximity graphs and searches from coarse to fine layers. It provides excellent query speed and recall but uses significant memory. It is the default index in many vector stores, including OpenSearch and pgvector.

Exam tip

HNSW gives fast, high-recall search at the cost of high memory use.

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