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Data & Analytics · Foundational

Data Control Language (DCL)

The SQL commands that manage permissions: GRANT, REVOKE and, in SQL Server, DENY.

Definition

DCL controls which users and roles can perform actions on database objects. Good practice is to grant privileges to roles rather than to individual users and to follow least privilege.

Example

GRANT SELECT ON Sales.Orders TO ReportingRole;

Exam tip

GRANT, REVOKE and DENY are DCL, not DDL. In SQL Server, DENY overrides GRANT.

Related terms