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Data & Analytics · Intermediate

Apache Parquet

An open-source columnar file format with efficient compression, encoding and predicate pushdown, widely used for analytics.

Definition

Parquet stores data by column in row groups with min/max statistics, so engines read only the needed columns and skip row groups. It is the storage format underneath Delta Lake and Iceberg tables. Converting CSV to Parquet usually cuts Athena and BigQuery external-table costs dramatically.

Exam tip

To reduce Athena scan costs, convert to Parquet or ORC and partition the data.

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